Asymmetric Ocean Response to Atmospheric Forcing in an Island Wake: A 35-Year High-Resolution Study

The present study assesses the thermal variability of regional ocean around Madeira Island, in intraseasonal and interdecadal time scales, using a 35-year (1983–2017), 3-km horizontal resolution simulation forced by co-located atmospheric simulation, with SODA ERA5 boundary initial conditions, respectively. Atmosphere–ocean interactions this region are found to be driven two quasi-permanent tip-jets, located at island west east tips, especially during summer months. response is larger regions higher jets speed variability, but its highly asymmetrical. On scale, significant intensification both analyzed period more prominent tip, signature mostly associated much reduced sea surface temperature trend near tip.